apex predator: An animal on the prime of the meals chain. Such predators additionally don’t have any predators themselves.
atomic: Having to do with atoms, the smallest potential unit that makes up a chemical factor.
biologist: A scientist concerned within the research of residing issues.
birds: Warm-blooded animals with wings that first confirmed up through the time of the dinosaurs. Birds are jacketed in feathers and produce young from the eggs they deposit in some kind of nest. Most birds fly, however all through historical past there have been the occasional species that don’t.
dimension: Descriptive options of one thing that may be measured, reminiscent of size, width or time.
dinosaur: A time period which means horrible lizard. These reptiles emerged round 243 million years in the past. All descended from egg-laying reptiles generally known as archosaurs. Their descendants finally break up into two traces. For many many years, they’ve been distinguished by their hips. The lizard-hipped line are believed to have led to the saurischians, reminiscent of two-footed theropods like T. rex and the lumbering four-footed Apatosaurus. A second line of so-called bird-hipped, or ornithischian dinosaurs, seems to have led to a extensively differing group of animals that included the stegosaurs and duckbilled dinosaurs. Many massive dinosaurs died out round 66 million years in the past. But some saurischians lived on. They are actually the birds we see at present (and who’ve now advanced that so-called “bird-hipped” pelvis).
hearth: The burning of some gas, making a flame that releases mild and warmth. (in neuroscience) The activation of a nerve or neural pathway.
gas: Any materials that may launch vitality throughout a managed chemical or nuclear response. Fossil fuels (coal, pure gasoline and petroleum) are a typical kind that liberate their vitality by means of chemical reactions that take place when heated (often to the purpose of burning).
gizzard: A thick-walled a part of a fowl’s abdomen that’s used for grinding meals. It might comprise grit or small stones to assist the fowl break down powerful seeds.
intestine: An casual time period for the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the intestines.
half-life: The time it takes for half of some amount of a radioactive isotope to decay (rework) into a brand new isotope
laser: A tool that generates an intense beam of coherent mild of a single colour. Lasers are utilized in drilling and reducing, alignment and steering, in information storage and in surgical procedure.
lizard: A kind of reptile that usually walks on 4 legs, has a scaly physique and an extended tapering tail. Unlike most reptiles, lizards additionally usually have movable eyelids. Examples of lizards embrace the tuatara, chameleons, Komodo dragon, and Gila monster.
matter: Something that occupies house and has mass. Anything on Earth with matter could have a property described as “weight.”
metabolism: (adj. metabolic) The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions that take place inside cells and larger buildings, reminiscent of organs. These reactions allow organisms to develop, reproduce, transfer and in any other case reply to their environments.
organ: (in biology) Various components of an organism that carry out a number of explicit capabilities. For occasion, an ovary is an organ that makes eggs, the mind is an organ that is sensible of nerve indicators and a plant’s roots are organs that soak up vitamins and moisture.
particle: A minute quantity of one thing.
planet: A big celestial object that orbits a star however in contrast to a star doesn’t generate any seen mild.
energy plant: An industrial facility for producing electrical energy.
predator: (adjective: predatory) A creature that preys on different animals for many or all of its meals.
prehistoric: An adjective for one thing that occurred tens of 1000’s to tens of millions of years in the past, durations earlier than individuals started intentionally recording occasions.
radiate: (in physics) To emit vitality within the type of waves.
radiation: (in physics) One of the three main ways in which vitality is transferred. (The different two are conduction and convection.) In radiation, electromagnetic waves carry vitality from one place to a different. Unlike conduction and convection, which want materials to assist switch the vitality, radiation can switch vitality throughout empty house.
radioactive: An adjective that describes unstable parts, reminiscent of sure varieties (isotopes) of uranium and plutonium. Such parts are stated to be unstable as a result of their nucleus sheds vitality that’s carried away by photons and/or and infrequently a number of subatomic particles. This emission of vitality is by a course of generally known as radioactive decay.
random: Something that happens haphazardly or with out motive, primarily based on no intention or function. Or an adjective that describes some factor that discovered itself chosen for no explicit motive, and even chaotically.
danger: The likelihood or mathematical probability that some unhealthy factor would possibly occur. For occasion, publicity to radiation poses a danger of most cancers. Or the hazard — or peril — itself. (For occasion: Among most cancers dangers that the individuals confronted have been radiation and consuming water tainted with arsenic.)
sea: An ocean (or area that’s a part of an ocean). Unlike lakes and streams, seawater — or ocean water — is salty.
know-how: The utility of scientific information for practical functions, particularly in business — or the gadgets, processes and techniques that consequence from these efforts.
concept: (in science) An outline of some side of the pure world primarily based on in depth observations, checks and motive. A concept may also be a manner of organizing a broad physique of data that applies in a broad vary of circumstances to elucidate what is going to occur. Unlike the widespread definition of concept, a concept in science isn’t just a hunch. Ideas or conclusions which are primarily based on a concept — and never but on agency information or observations — are known as theoretical. Scientists who use arithmetic and/or present information to challenge what would possibly occur in new conditions are generally known as theorists.
toxin: A poison produced by residing organisms, reminiscent of micro organism, algae and sure crops (reminiscent of poison ivy). Bees, spiders, snakes and different animals additionally produce toxins. These are known as venoms.
distinctive: Something that’s in contrast to anything; the one one among its type.
uranium: The heaviest naturally occurring factor identified. It’s known as factor 92, which refers back to the variety of protons in its nucleus. Uranium atoms are radioactive, which implies they decay into completely different atomic nuclei.
water vapor: Water in its gaseous state, able to being suspended within the air.
