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12 Brown Snakes in Indiana (4 are Venomous)

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Located in the Midwestern area of the U.S. and covering a huge 36,418 square miles, Indiana forms part of the Great Lakes area. Given its size and varied communities there is little surprise that the state is home to lots of animals — both big and little. Indiana is home to 32 types of snakes, consisting of 4 that are poisonous. Although snakes can be several colors and numerous patterns, there are lots of brown snakes in Indiana. So, let’s discover numerous types and where you may discover them!

1. Bullsnake (Pituophis catenifer sayi)

When threatened, the Bullsnake rears up in an S-shape, hisses and vibrates its tail to mimic the venomous rattlesnake.
When threatened, bullsnakes raise their avoid the ground to make themselves look as big as possible. While doing so, they lunge and hiss.

©Markparker1983/Shutterstock.com

We’ll begin with among the biggest snakes in the state — the bullsnake. Bullsnakes are a gopher snake subspecies and can reach lengths of approximately 8 feet long. They have heavy bodies, which are generally a yellow-colored color and overlaid with big dark brown spots. Bullsnakes primarily reside in sand grassy fields, and, in Indiana, they just occupy the northwest area of the state. These big snakes are effective and eliminate by tightness. Their diet plan includes little mammals such as rodents, birds, and lizards. They likewise typically consume birds’ eggs which they obtain by rising trees and raiding nests. Bullsnakes are extremely protective snakes. When threatened, they raise their head and neck off the ground to make themselves look as big as possible. While doing so, they lunge, hiss, and retreat in reverse.

2. Southeastern Crowned Snake (Tantilla coronata)

Southeastern Crown Snake
Southeastern crowned snakes have relatively consistent brown bodies with a black neck and head.

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One of the tiniest and most deceptive snakes in the state is the southeastern crowned snake, which is 8 to 10 inches long. These snakes primarily reside in forests and on rocky hillsides where there is lots of cover for them to conceal below. However, in Indiana, they just take place in Clark and Floyd counties. Southeastern crowned snakes have relatively consistent brown bodies with a black neck and head. There is likewise a paler band which divides the black head and neck band.

3. Prairie Kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster)

Prairie Kingsnake, Lampropeltis calligaster
Prairie kingsnakes are 30 to 40 inches long and have light brown bodies with dark and reddish-brown spots.

©Matt Jeppson/Shutterstock.com

The next brown snake in Indiana is the meadow kingsnake, or the yellow-bellied kingsnake. Prairie kingsnakes are 30 to 40 inches long and have light brown bodies with dark and reddish-brown spots. They primarily occupy the eastern and southeastern area and choose open meadow areas where there is lots of loose soil. However, they do in some cases live at the edge of forests. Prairie kingsnakes primarily take advantage of rodents, although they in some cases likewise take in lizards, frogs, and other snakes. They are not poisonous. However, if a danger exists, they typically imitate rattlesnakes by vibrating their tail in the leaf litter.

4. Eastern Fox Snake (Pantherophis vulpinus)

Eastern Fox Snake (Pantherophis gloydi)
Eastern fox snakes are around 48 inches long and have yellow-colored to tan, brown bodies, with big dark blotchy overlays.

©Ryan M. Bolton/Shutterstock.com

Occurring primarily in the northwestern areas of the state, the eastern fox snake lives in meadows, grassy fields, fields, and wetlands. Eastern fox snakes take advantage of birds and rodents and eliminate by tightness. They are not poisonous, however like the kingsnake, they imitate rattlesnakes by vibrating their tail. Eastern fox snakes are around 48 inches long and have yellow-colored to tan, brown bodies, with big dark, blotchy overlays. They likewise have actually weakly keeled dorsal scales.

5. Northern Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon)

Northern Water Snake (nerodia sipedon)
Although they are not poisonous, their saliva has a minor anti-coagulant in it, which avoids the blood from clotting.

©Steve Byland/Shutterstock.com

One of numerous water snakes in the state is the northern water snake, which residents in some cases error for the poisonous cottonmouth. Northern water snakes are big and can reach around 56 inches long. They have dark brown bodies with a series of darker crossband markings, although they can in some cases seem almost black. Northern water snakes are likewise referred to as the typical water snake and are dispersed throughout Indiana. They reside in many freshwater environments and take advantage of frogs, toads, fish, and salamanders. These snakes are aggressive when interrupted and they will easily bite. Although they are not poisonous, their saliva has a minor anti-coagulant in it. This avoids the blood from clotting, leading to injuries that bleed a lot.

6. Queen Snake (Regina septemvittata)

Queen snake coiled in the grass
They have actually adjusted to the rough surface in their environment by establishing thickened scales on the top of their heads and beneath their chins.

©Jason Patrick Ross/Shutterstock.com

The next brown snake in Indiana is the queen snake. Queen snakes have a brown body with a tan tummy including 4 dark stripes. They likewise have 3 darker stripes running along their back, although these are just generally noticeable when they are extremely young. Queen snakes are semi-aquatic and mainly reside in and around rocky streams. They have actually adjusted to the rough surface in their environment by establishing thickened scales on the top of their heads and beneath their chins. These scales secure them when they are chasing their victim among the rocks. Queen snakes are most plentiful in the main and southeastern areas of the state and take place in spread places in the northern area. However, they are almost completely missing from the southwest.

7. Dekay’s Brown Snake (Storeria dekayi)

DeKay’s Brown Snake
Given their little size, they prey mainly on soft-bodies animals such as slugs and earthworms.

©Paul Reeves Photography/Shutterstock.com

Another little snake is Dekay’s brown snake, which achieves lengths of just 9 to 13 inches. These snakes are brown with a faint stripe down their back and 2 rows of darker areas on either side of the line. Dekay’s brown snakes reside in a range of environments throughout most of Indiana, consisting of forest edges, fields, and wetlands. Due to their little size, they prey primarily on little, soft-bodied animals such as slugs and earthworms.

8. Diamond-Backed Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer)

Diamond-backed Water Snake
Like the northern water snake, these snakes are in some cases misinterpreted for the cottonmouth.

©iStock.com/williamhc

The next water snake on this list is the diamond-backed water snake, which — as its name recommends — has a series of diamond-shaped markings along its back. Diamond-backed water snakes are around 30 to 48 inches long and have brown bodies with darker markings. They choose sluggish locations of freshwater, consisting of streams and oxbow lakes. However, they just occupy the southwestern area of the state, close to the Ohio and Wabash Rivers. Like the northern water snake, these snakes are in some cases misinterpreted for the cottonmouth. They will bite in defense, though these snakes flatten their neck and hiss at the hazard prior to setting out.

9. Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus)

Timber Rattlesnake
Due to their long fangs and high venom yield they are among the most harmful snakes in North America.

©Matt Jeppson/Shutterstock.com

Now we move onto the poisonous brown snakes in Indiana! The initially is the wood rattlesnake. Timber rattlesnakes are big snakes with a length of around 60 inches. They have brown bodies with dark brown to black crossbands. However, they can in some cases seem almost black as there is likewise a “black phase” color morph, where they have extremely dark bodies with black crossbands. Timber rattlesnakes are a state threatened types. They take place just in the south-central area of the state where they live primarily in thick forest areas. Due to their long fangs and high venom yield they are among the most harmful snakes in North America.

10. Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix)

Northern Copperhead (agkistrodon contortrix mokasen) on leaf litter - taken in New Jersey. Its ground color is pale brown to pinkish-brown, and it has darker, hour-glass shaped bands down its body.
They are light brown with dark brown crossbands that form hourglass patterns.

©iStock.com/David Kenny

From the most harmful, we move onto the copperhead, which has fairly weak venom by contrast. Copperheads are generally 24 to 36 inches long. They are light brown with dark brown crossbands that form hourglass patterns. Copperheads reside in the southern half of the state in dry forest areas and on high hillsides. They have a different diet plan and take advantage of a variety of birds, lizards, rodents, and amphibians. Copperheads are likewise primarily active throughout the warm summertime nights, which is why individuals identify them deceptive animals.

11. Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus)

Although seldom deadly, cottonmouth contaminant seriously harms tissue, which can result in a requirement for amputation of a limb.

©iStock.com/Chase D’animulls

The just semi-aquatic poisonous snake in the state is the cottonmouth, which resides in essentially any freshwater environment. They are a state threatened snake and are limited to just a little area in Dubois County. However, there has actually not been any sightings of these snakes for several years. As such, it is not understood whether the population still exists or not. Cottonmouths generally reach lengths of in between 30 and 43 inches and have dark brown bodies and darker brown to black crossbands. They have cytotoxic venom. Although seldom deadly, this contaminant seriously harms tissue, which can result in a requirement for amputation of a limb.

12. Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus)

Eastern massasaugas are a federally threatened types.

©DnDavis/Shutterstock.com

The last poisonous snake is the eastern massasauga rattlesnake, which is 24 to 30 inches long. Massasaugas have grey to tan colored bodies. They are covered with big black or brown areas along the center of their back and 3 rows of smaller sized areas down each side. Eastern massasaugas are a federally threatened types. They take place just in spread places in the northern most area of Indiana — primarily in swamps and wetlands. Like the cottonmouth, the eastern massasauga has cytotoxic venom. However, they are relatively shy snakes and tend to prevent conflict if they can.

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